E 319 Tertiary-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ)

What is E 319?

E 319 is the E number of Tertiary-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ). Synthetic antioxidant for fats and oils, for example in frying fats and snacks.

What is E 319 used for?

E 319 belongs to the group "Other additives" and is used as antioxidant.

• Antioxidant: Antioxidants protect against oxidation, which for example turns fats rancid or changes colours.

Which foods may contain E 319?

According to the European Commission's database, E 319 may be used in 18 food categories and subcategories, each only in specific products and usually with maximum levels. The categories come from these areas:

• Dairy products and analogues
• Fats and oils and fat and oil emulsions
• Fruit and vegetables
• Confectionery
• Cereals and cereal products
• Bakery wares
• Meat
• Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads and protein products
• Ready-to-eat savouries and snacks
• Food supplements

Is E 319 vegan?

Usually yes: the substance is normally made from plant, mineral or synthetic raw materials or with microorganisms. In individual cases, only the manufacturer or a vegan label can give certainty.

Is E 319 linked to genetic engineering?

No typical link to genetic engineering is known for this substance: it is not usually obtained from plants for which GM varieties exist, nor produced by fermentation.

How does E 319 appear on the label?

In the list of ingredients, the substance appears with its function, followed by the E number or the name, for example "Antioxidant: E 319" or "Antioxidant: Tertiary-butyl hydroquinone".